Bayfordbury wildlife recording

Crab Apples and other fruit trees

Figure
Crab Apples in flower, April 2022

Ornamental Crab Apples

A collection of over 30 ornamental Crab Apple trees of various ages, shapes, flower colours and fruit colour and size. These trees were planted when Bayfordbury was owned by John Innes Institute and provide habitat for invertebrates (including pollinators), birds and a range of epiphytic mosses and lichens. A few trees have been colonised by Mistletoe.

Figure
Fruits on some of the Crabs, November 2023
Figure
Lichen Parmelia sulcata on Crab,
February 2017
Figure
Crab Apple with Mistletoe,
November 2023
Figure
Approximate map
of Crab Apple trees
 
Figure
Medlar fruit, October 2023

Medlar (Mespilus germanica)

Medlars are relatives of apples and pears and were cultivated for their fruits in the past. The fruits (also called medlars) can only be eaten when fully ripen and after the first frost. Medlars have been replaced by their tastier cousins as fruit trees but remain popular as ornamental trees. Our Medlar was planted at the end of the 20th century to replace an ageing one. Medlars are often grafted on Hawthorn or Pear rootstock. Our tree seems to be grafted on Quince (another old fruit tree close to pears).

Figure
Medlar-thorn flowers, May 2023
Figure
Medlar-thorn fruit, November 2023

Medlar-thorn (X Crataemespilus grandiflora)

An intergeneric hybrid between Medlar and Midland Hawthorn (Crataegus laevigata). Our tree is very old, but it still produces plenty of flowers. Fruits (not as plentiful) are intermediate between medlars and haws (Hawthorn fruits).

Figure
Strawberry tree fruit,
Surrey, November 2006
Figure
Strawberry tree flowers,
November 2023

Strawberry Tree (Arbutus unedo)

This tree is more commonly seen in the Mediterranean region but is also considered to be native to Ireland. Unusually for plants, this species typically has flowers and fruits at the same time. The fruit, indeed, looks like a strawberry. It is not eaten raw but makes a good jam. The fruit in the image is from the Royal Holloway, University of London campus in Surrey, where a few trees formed a hedge, making it a more sheltered location compared to our tree.

References

Johnson O. (2004) Collins Tree Guide. HarperCollins, London, UK.

Sutton, J. (2023), '× Crataemespilus grandiflora' from the website Trees and Shrubs Online (treesandshrubsonline.org/articles/x-crataemespilus/x-crataemespilus-grandiflora/). Accessed 2024-12-06.